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Charter Act of 1833
Charter Act 1833 is the expanded charter of the East India Company. The charter of the East India Company, due to expire at the end of 1833, was extended by 20 years by the Charter Act 1833. The English East India Company lost control of the island of St. Helena in the southwest Atlantic. , as a result of the UK Parliament Charter Act 1833, also known as the Government of India Act 1833 or the Saint Helena Act 1833.
The British Parliament passed the Charter Act 1833 to update the East India Company Charter Act 1813. study program.
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The History of the Charter Act 1833
As the Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on Britain, theCharter Act of 1833was adopted in this context. The laissez-faire philosophy was adopted as the government's approach to industrial enterprises. The result of the liberal movement was the Reform Act of 1832.
Parliament was asked in 1833 to renew the charter in this age of liberty and change. The political climate in Britain was one of change and liberal ideas at the time the Charter Act 1833 was drafted. They agreed with Macaulay to retain the company policy but with a different predicate.
However, the bill was introduced in Parliament while the Whig party was in power and the legislature was in a favorable mood for reform, free trade and codification of laws. A turning point in the constitutional history of India was reached with the passage of the Charter Act of 1833, following the recommendations of a parliamentary inquiry.
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Provisions of the Charter Act 1833
Office of the Governor General
However, the bill was introduced in Parliament while the Whig party was in power and the legislature was in a favorable mood for reform, free trade and codification of laws. A turning point in the constitutional history of India was reached with the passage of the Charter Act of 1833, following the recommendations of a parliamentary inquiry.
ÖGovernor General of Indiareceived civil and military authority. The Government of India was formed for the first time and took control of the entire British-held territory of India. Lord William Bentick was appointed the first Governor-General of India.
Powers of the General Council
Any law or regulation in force in British India may be repealed, amended or supplemented by the Governor General sitting on the Council. In the event of a disagreement on an issue in the governor-general councils, the governor-general's judgment is final and he has the right to override the consensus. Working with the councils, the governor-general oversaw civil, military, and fiscal affairs.
The Court of Directors was given the power to veto any law passed by the Governor-General in Council, but the Governor-General in Council was given the power to repeal, amend, or alter any law or regulation for any person in the British India Dominion. For the first time, legislation required the appointment of a fourth governor-general for the council, who was only allowed to attend meetings and vote when it came to passing legislation.
Abolition of the trading privileges of the East India Company
The company has abolished all its business privileges. This implied that the company could no longer benefit from its monopoly on trading in tea and products from China, which it had under the Charter Act 1813 and its successors.
legitimate British colony
Under the Charter Act 1813, all restrictions on European and British immigration were lifted. Now the Europeans and the British could buy, hold and sell any property in India. Now they could freely travel and live in India. India became a British colony.
Replacement of the Control Council as Minister for Indigenous Affairs
The Minister for Indigenous Affairs took over the chairmanship of the Control Council. The law had a clause that would have divided the President of Bengal to create the presidency of Agra and Fort William, but this clause was never implemented.
Financial centralization
The statute also allowed the centralization of financial resources. Presidential governments' ability to raise and spend money was limited. All financial affairs, including revenue and expenditure generation, were delegated to the General Council of Governors.
Formation of the Legal Committee
The Charter Act 1833 marked the beginning of an attempt to codify the laws. The Judiciary Commission was to be appointed under Section 53 of the Constitution Act 1833. The main purpose of the Law Commission was the codification and harmonization of Indian law.
The first Law Commission was established in 1834 as the first step in codifying the laws. Lord Macaulay acted as Chairman while the other three members, J.M. Madeira, G.W. Anderson and C.H. Cameron represented the respective Presidencies of Calcutta, Madras and Bombay. The draft penal code, often known as the Macaulay Code, was presented to the government by the Law Commission in 1837.
However, the revolt of 1857 meant that the project could not be fully implemented until 1860. The proposals led to the introduction of the Code of Civil Procedure in 1859, the Indian Penal Code in 1860 and the Code of Criminal Procedure in 1862.
Try to open public services based on the merit system
The law removed barriers based on religion, race, caste, and creed, and allowed full participation of Native Americans in the government of the nation. He reduced the selection criteria to just one: merit. The first law that allowed Indian citizens to participate openly in the government of the country was the Charter Act 1833.
The law gave the administrative court the power to nominate four times as many candidates as there are vacancies each year. It was an attempt to introduce a system of open competition for public service. However, this open competitive approach has not proven itself for the foreseeable future.
abolition of slavery
The ordinance also called for a reduction in slavery that still existed in British India. The Governor-General in Council was ordered to take action to end widespread slavery in India. In India, slavery was outlawed by the V Act of 1843.
Increase in the number of bishops
With the passage of the 1833 Act there were now three bishops and the Bishop of Calcutta was appointed Metropolitan Bishop of India.
Significance of the Charter Act 1833
This act paved the way for the unification of British India and the establishment of a powerful central government. The law provided for a codification of laws and did not take into account the strict criteria for disqualification from participation in the national administration.
A significant step in consolidating and centralizing Indian administration was the promotion of the Governor-General of Bengal to Governor-General of India. This law gave Indian citizens the freedom to participate in county government without restriction on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion or any other characteristic.
For the first time, the governor-general's legislative and executive responsibilities were divided within the council. The codification of the laws was also very important.
Disadvantages of the Charter Act 1833
The government's council work was so overwhelmed by over-centralization that it was unable to devote the required time and attention to general policy issues or matters of public interest. In the absence of a Presidency representative on the Board of Governors, the government was unable to meet local government needs, emergencies and demands.
The presidencies gradually grew dissatisfied with the situation and showed little interest in the laws and policies introduced by the Supreme Council. When the central government was established in Calcutta, it was a challenge for the governor-general in the council to exercise effective authority over distant presidencies, partly due to the lack of effective communication tools at the time. The Governor-General held all power, making him extremely powerful and occasionally acting as a conduit.
Lei da Charter of 1833 UPSC
The British government passed a number of laws to expand the scope of its authority in India, including the Charter Act 1833. The political system of pre-independence India was influenced by the provisions of the Act, which the British Crown gradually adoptedEast India CompanyAdministration of India in enacting the Charter Acts 1833. The Charter Act 1833 is explained in detail in this UPSC Exam Preparation Article.
Frequently asked questions about the Charter Act 1833
Q) What were the main features of the Charter Acts of 1813 and 1833?
respectively.The Charter Acts 1813 and 1833 ended the company's trade monopoly with India, with the exception of the tea trade. Anyone from UK can do business with India. In addition, the Charter Act 1833 forced the company to cease all its activities in India.
Q) Who introduced the Charter Act 1833?
respectively.The East India Company Constitution Act 1813 was renewed by an Act of the British Parliament. This law extended the statute of the EIC by 20 years.
Q) What were the purposes of approving the Charter Act 1833?
respectively.A fourth titular member might be added to the Governor-General charged with making laws in India under the Charter Act 1833. The Saint Helena Act is another name for the Charter Act of 1833. Lord Macaulay served as the fourth Governor-General of the Council of India.
Q) Why is the Constituent Act of 1833 called the Santa Elena Act?
respectively.It is also known as the St Helena Act 1833 due to the fact that it stripped the English East India Company of ownership of the island of St Helena in the South West Atlantic.
Q) Who introduced the Charter Law?
respectively.When Lord Dalhousie was serving as Governor-General of India, this act was passed.
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